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        <title>Artikel „Schar“</title>
        <author ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/61594915/">
          <persName>
            <surname>Sanders</surname>
            <forename>Daniel</forename>
          </persName>
        </author>
        <editor>
          <persName>
            <surname>Göttel</surname>
            <forename>Sebastian</forename>
          </persName>
        </editor>
        <editor>
          <persName>
            <surname>Wiegand</surname>
            <forename>Frank</forename>
          </persName>
        </editor>
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        <publisher>
          <email>edition-sanders@bbaw.de</email>
          <orgName role="projekt">Forschung Daniel Sanders</orgName>
          <orgName role="hostingInstitution" xml:lang="en">Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW)</orgName>
          <orgName role="hostingInstitution" xml:lang="de">Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften (BBAW)</orgName>
          <address>
             <addrLine>Jägerstr. 22/23, 10117 Berlin</addrLine>
             <country>Germany</country>
          </address>
        </publisher>
        <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>
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            <p>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</p>
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        <bibl>Daniel Sanders: „Schar“. In: Deutsches Wörterbuch. Leipzig, 1860–1865.</bibl>
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        <lbl>I.</lbl>
        <form type="lemma">
          <orth expand="Schar" orig="Schār">Schār</orth>
          <pc>,</pc>
          <gramGrp><pos norm="noun">f.;</pos><gen norm="feminine"/> –en; –en-:</gramGrp>
        </form>
        <sense n="1)">1) Heeresabtheilung, Trupp ꝛc.: <sense n="a)">a) von Perſ. ꝛc., zunächſt von Soldaten (beſt. Heer-Sch.), dann von ähnlicher (gereihter oder doch gereiht gedachter) Menge — vgl. dagegen Haufen: <bibl><biblScope>4.</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Moſ.</author> <biblScope>1, 52;</biblScope> <title>Eine Stimme großer Sch–en im Himmel [Engel-, Himmels-Sch–en].</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Off.</author> <biblScope>19, 1;</biblScope> <title>Eine ganze Sch. von Sonettiſten.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Gervinus</author>  <title>Sh.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>1, 69;</biblScope> <title>Die Sch–en der Ungläub’gen ſind gerüſtet.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>G.</author> <biblScope>13, 302;</biblScope> <title>Die beſchwärzte Sch., das Heer der Angſt [Geiſter-, Geſpenſter-Sch.].</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Gryphius</author>  <title>Fr.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>11;</biblScope> <title>Bald wurden die</title></bibl> Haufen zu Sch–en, bald die Sch–en zu Heeren. <bibl><author>Kl.</author>  <title>M.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>20, 585;</biblScope> <title>Drängt ſich, Sch. an Sch., | das Volk hinzu.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>W.</author> <biblScope>20, 327 ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>ſ.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>d.</biblScope></bibl> —</sense><sense n="b)">b) von Thieren, z. B.: Sch–en der Vögel <bibl><author>(Cham.</author> <biblScope>4, 152),</biblScope> <title>Geier, Reiher</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Mager</author> <biblScope>2, 92),</biblScope> <title>Gänſe</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Laube</author>  <title>Br.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>284;</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Lichtwer</author> <biblScope>264),</biblScope> <title>Kraniche</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Sch.</author> <biblScope>57b) ꝛc.;</biblScope> <title>der Herden (34a), Hunde (G.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>12, 173),</biblScope> <title>von Kamelen</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Nat.-Z.</author> <biblScope>15, 494) ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>der Bienen</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(V.</author>  <title>Il.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>2, 87) ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>ſ.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>d.</biblScope></bibl> —</sense><sense n="c)">c) in gehobner Rede auch von mehr oder minder Perſonif.: Sch–en holder Spiele. <bibl><author>B.</author> <biblScope>116a;</biblScope> <title>Sch. der Bäume.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Kl.</author>  <title>M.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>20, 342 ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>ſ.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>d.</biblScope></bibl> —</sense><sense n="d)">d) Unzähl. Zſſtzg., wo das Bſtw. die die Sch. bildenden Weſen nennt, z. B. (a): Bettler- <bibl><author>(Uhland</author> <biblScope>386),</biblScope> <title>Brüder-</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>(367,</biblScope> <title>ſ. u.: c), Buben-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>12, 185),</biblScope> <title>Chriſten-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Uhland</author> <biblScope>380),</biblScope> <title>Diener-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Grün</author>  <title>Sch.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>23,</biblScope> <title>ſ. Diener, Anm.), Einſiedler-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Rückert</author>  <title>N. 18), Engel-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Uhland</author> <biblScope>321),</biblScope> <title>Faunen-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>12, 50),</biblScope> <title>Freier-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(V.</author>  <title>Od.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>4, 629),</biblScope> <title>Geiſter-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>12, 157),</biblScope> <title>Götter-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Nicolai</author> <biblScope>1, 107),</biblScope> <title>Helden-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>12, 185),</biblScope> <title>Höflings-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Uhland</author> <biblScope>444),</biblScope> <title>Jäger- (461), Krieger- (183), Männer-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>15, 74),</biblScope> <title>Menſchen-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Sch.</author> <biblScope>498b),</biblScope> <title>Mohren-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Uhland</author> <biblScope>303),</biblScope> <title>Muſen-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Friſch),</author>  <title>Pilger-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Sch.</author> <biblScope>409b),</biblScope> <title>Räuber-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(W.</author> <biblScope>20, 275),</biblScope> <title>Reiter-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(HKleiſt</author>  <title>Hint. 36), Ritter-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Sch.</author> <biblScope>509a),</biblScope> <title>Sieger- (G.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>12, 200),</biblScope> <title>Söldner-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Rückert</author>  <title>BE. 85), Volks-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Pyrker</author> <biblScope>212)</biblScope> <title>Sch. ꝛc.; (b) Delphinen-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Sch.</author> <biblScope>59b),</biblScope> <title>Enten-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Mager</author> <biblScope>2, 93),</biblScope> <title>Hunde-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>17, 96),</biblScope> <title>Inſekten-</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>(13, 313),</biblScope> <title>Tauben-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(Lenau</author>  <title>A. 196), Vögel-</title></bibl> <bibl><author>(G.</author> <biblScope>2, 93)</biblScope> <title>Sch. ꝛc.; (c) Der Mai mit ſeiner Blumen-Sch.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Fleming</author> <biblScope>40;</biblScope> <title>Der Sterne Brüder-Sch. (ſ. o.).</title></bibl> <bibl><author>V.</author> <biblScope>3, 219 ꝛc.;</biblScope> <title>außerdem z. B.:</title></bibl> Feder-Sch. [gefiederte. <bibl><author>Spee</author>  <title>Tr.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>274];</biblScope></bibl> Flatter-Sch. [flatternde. <bibl><author>G.</author> <biblScope>2, 103];</biblScope></bibl> Frei-Sch. <bibl><author>Enſe</author>  <title>D.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>2, 197 ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>Sch. freiwilliger Soldaten (dazu: Als ſie .. |</title></bibl> freiſcharten gegen die Knechte des Zaren. <bibl><author>Beck</author>  <title>Arm.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>17,</biblScope> <title>als Frei-Sch–en zogen ꝛc. und von dem einzelnen zu ſolcher Sch. Gehörigen:</title></bibl> Freiſchärler. <bibl><author>Gutzkow</author>  <title>R.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>3, 37;</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Scherr</author>  <title>Gr.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>2, 306 ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>vgl.</title></bibl> Reichsſchärler. Bl. <bibl><biblScope>1, 52,</biblScope> <title>Reichsſoldaten) ꝛc.; Gegen-Sch. [Feinde-, Gegner-Sch.].</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Nicolai</author> <biblScope>8, 164;</biblScope></bibl> Glanz-Sch. [glänzende. <bibl><author>Schubart</author> <biblScope>2, IV];</biblScope></bibl> Halb- (oder Drittel-) Sch., Verdeutſchung für Bataillon, wie Sch. für Regiment; Heer-Sch. (ſ. <bibl><biblScope>a.</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>V.</author>  <title>Il.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>7, 161 ꝛc.),</biblScope> <title>verallgemeint wie das Grundw.: Die himmliſchen Heer-Sch–en.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Luk.</author> <biblScope>2, 13 ꝛc.</biblScope> <title>(vgl. Scharenheer); Hilfs-Sch.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Pyrker</author> <biblScope>254,</biblScope> <title>ſ. Hilfstruppen;</title></bibl> Krieges- Sch. <bibl><author>B.</author> <biblScope>25b ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>ſ. o.: Krieger-Sch.;</title></bibl> Mummen-Sch. [Mummenſchanz]. <bibl><author>G.</author> <biblScope>6, 32;</biblScope></bibl> Nacht-Sch. oder Todtenvolk heißt in Graubünden ein geſpenſtiſcher Leichenzug vom Haus Deſſen, der bald ſterben wird, zum Friedhof; Streif- Sch. <bibl><author>Enſe</author>  <title>B.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>3, 33;</biblScope></bibl> Sturm-Sch. [ſtürmende]. D. <bibl><biblScope>2, 219;</biblScope></bibl> Trauer-Sch. <bibl><author>G.</author> <biblScope>13, 7;</biblScope></bibl> Vor-Sch. [vorangehnde]. <bibl><author>Pyrker</author> <biblScope>212;</biblScope></bibl> Wimmel-Sch. [wimmelnde]. <bibl><author>G.</author> <biblScope>12, 126 ꝛc.</biblScope></bibl> —</sense></sense>
        <sense n="2)">2) in Zſſtzg.: das bei Ab- und Eintheilung Einem Zugewiesne <bibl><author>(Schm.</author> <biblScope>3, 383; 4, 195):</biblScope></bibl> Heim- Sch., Heimſchnat (ſ. d. und Kirchenfriede); Über-Sch. nennen die Bergleute, was zwiſchen zwei Fundgruben im Vermeſſen überbleibt. <bibl><author>Jablonsky</author> <biblScope>1280a;</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Scheuchenſtuel</author> <biblScope>247 =</biblScope></bibl> Ober-Sch. <bibl><author>Adelung</author>  <title>(verallgemeint</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>=</biblScope> <title>Rain?).</title></bibl> — 3) Bergb.: Einſchnitt am Schacht und Trageſtempel. — 4) der Haupttheil des Pfluges (ſ. d.), das in die Erde einſchneidende, ſie furchende und aufwühlende Eiſen, — dann auch <bibl><biblScope>=</biblScope> <title>Pflug,</title></bibl> — z. B. (wortſpielend mit 1): Am Morgen ſah ich einen ſich ſchwer Bemühenden, <bibl><biblScope>|</biblScope> <title>der auf dem Feld</title></bibl> allein war mit einer ganzen Sch. <bibl><author>Rückert</author>  <title>Mak.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>2, 163,</biblScope> <title>auch</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>neutr.:</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Landw.</author></bibl> <bibl><author>Zeit.</author> <biblScope>(56) 565a ꝛc.</biblScope></bibl></sense>
        <note type="remark">
          <note type="label">Anm.</note>
          <p type="note">In Bed. <bibl><biblScope>1 ꝛc.</biblScope> <title>ahd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scara, f.</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schar;</biblScope> <title>in Bed.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>4 scaro, m.,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schar,</biblScope> <title>von</title></bibl> ſcheren, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scëran,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schërn,</biblScope></bibl> — vergl. gr. λερα, Fύρc und Kerbe — mit Grundbegriff des Schneidens, Trennens (vgl.: Ein auf dem Deck mit Planken „abgeſchorener“ — abgeſchlagner Platz. <bibl><author>Bobrik</author> <biblScope>82a ꝛc.;</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Brem.</author></bibl> <bibl><author>W.</author> <biblScope>4, 643,</biblScope> <title>wofür meiſt ſchwachformiges</title></bibl> abſchauern gilt), Theilens (ſ. namentl. ſchwachformig beſcheren <bibl><biblScope>=</biblScope> <title>zutheilen, ahd. biskerjan),</title></bibl> — woraus ſich die obigen Bedd. von Sch. erklären wie auch die meiſten mundartl., ſ. <bibl><author>Adelung;</author></bibl> <bibl><author>Schm.</author>  <title>und</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Preuß.</author></bibl> <bibl><author>Geſetzſ.</author> <biblScope>(1859) 456.</biblScope> <title>Zu Sch. gehört ahd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scario,</biblScope> <title>Scharführer (centurio), auch</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scerio,</biblScope> <title>Ausrichter höherer Befehle, Herold ꝛc., dann wie mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scherge,</biblScope></bibl> Scherge. Zumſelben Stamm (ſchwzr.) Schär (vgl. 4): erdaufwühlende Thiere (ſ. Scharrmaus); Schere, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scara, scâr,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schare</biblScope> <title>(ſ.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scarasahs,</biblScope></bibl> Scherſachs, Scharſach, niederd. Schars. <bibl><author>Schm.;</author></bibl> Scharſel. <bibl><author>Ryff</author>  <title>Th. 34);</title></bibl> Schur, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scurt,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schûr ꝛc.;</biblScope></bibl> Scherbe, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scirbi,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schërbe;</biblScope></bibl> ſcharben, ſcherben (vgl. kerben), ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scarbôn,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scharben;</biblScope></bibl> Scharbe, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scarba, scarwa,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scharbe</biblScope> <title>(Seerabe mit gekerbtem Schnabel, vgl.</title></bibl> Schierling, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scëriling,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schërling,</biblScope> <title>mit eingeſchnittnen Blättern);</title></bibl> ſcharf, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>s(c)arf,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scharf;</biblScope></bibl> Schorf (Schurf), ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scorf;</biblScope></bibl> ſchürfen, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scurfan,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schürfen;</biblScope></bibl> Scherf (vergl. Scherbe), ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scerf,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scherf;</biblScope></bibl> Scharte, ahd. <bibl><biblScope>scarta,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scharte</biblScope> <title>(vergl. ahd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>scart,</biblScope> <title>mhd.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>schart,</biblScope> <title>verletzt, verſtümmelt). S. auch</title></bibl> ſcharren; ſchüren.</p>
        </note>
        <p type="compositions">
          <entry type="sub">Zſſtzg. ſ. 1d, ferner: (Hácken-), Hāken-: <sense n="1)">1) <bibl><biblScope>[4]</biblScope> <title>H. iſt das Schar am Hakenpflug, das ſtets zweiſchneidig.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>FBWeber</author>  <title>Term.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>219b ꝛc.,</biblScope> <title>auch</title></bibl> Hocken-Sch. —</sense><sense n="2)">2) (ſ. 1) <bibl><biblScope>Chenopodium bonus Henricus</biblScope> <title>(nach der Geſtalt der Blätter).</title></bibl> — Hēīm-, Öber- <bibl><biblScope>[2].</biblScope></bibl> — <comp>Pflūg-:</comp></sense><sense n="1)">1) <bibl><biblScope>[4]</biblScope> <title>eig. (und übertr. z. B.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Schlegel</author>  <title>Sh.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>7, 174;</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Stahr</author>  <title>Rep.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>3, 25 ꝛc.); n.: 1.</biblScope></bibl> <bibl><author>Sam.</author> <biblScope>13, 20,</biblScope> <title>vgl.: Des ſchweiß- entpreſſenden Pf.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Koſegarten</author>  <title>D.</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>1, 123;</biblScope> <title>Vom Pf. durchſchnitten.</title></bibl> <bibl><author>Zachariä</author> <biblScope>1, 318, n.</biblScope> <title>oder</title></bibl> <bibl><biblScope>m.</biblScope> <title>(nam. z. B. oft in Mecklenb.).</title></bibl> —</sense><sense n="2)">2) (ſ. 1) nach der Geſtalt ein den hintern untern Theil der Naſenſcheidewand bildender unpaarer Geſichtsknochen <bibl><author>(Vomer).</author></bibl> — Über- <bibl><biblScope>[2].</biblScope></bibl></sense></entry>
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